Dissertação de Mestrado | |
Título original | Salmonella sp em répteis e aves silvestres no Estado de São Paulo: freqüência de isolamento, caracterização dos isolados e as conseqüências para o manejo em cativeiro e reintrodução |
Autor | Lopes, Luiz Fernando Larangeira |
luizflopes@yahoo.com.br | |
Unidade | Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FMVZ) |
Área de concentração | Patologia Experimental e Comparada |
Orientador | ¤ Matushima, Eliana Reiko |
Banca Examinadora | ¤ Carvalho, Vania Maria de ¤ Matushima, Eliana Reiko ¤ Sinhorini, Idercio Luiz |
Data da Defesa | 22/02/2008 |
Palavras-chave | ¤ Aves ¤ Doenças infecciosas ¤ Répteis ¤ Salmonella ¤ Zoonoses |
Resumo Original | |
A Salmonella sp é um importante agente zoonótico no mundo todo e diversas são as técnicas desenvolvidas para a sua identificação, com o isolamento microbiológico ainda sendo a técnica de escolha. Além de sua importância em microbiologia de alimentos e em criações comerciais de aves, ultimamente vem se destacando a sua presença na microbiota de animais silvestres. No presente estudo, foram colhidos "swabs" cloacais de 200 aves e 200 répteis, com o intuito de se observar a freqüência de isolamento do agente, caracterizar os isolados através da determinação dos perfis bioquímico e de resistência a antimicrobianos além da sorotipagem. Buscamos também comparar diferentes técnicas de isolamento com diversos meios de cultura e determinar qual a mais eficiente. Desse modo, os "swabs" coletados foram submetidos ao plaqueamento em ágar Mac Conkey, suspensão paralela em caldo Rappaport e Tetrationato com posterior plaqueamento em ágar XLT4. Das 200 aves amostradas nenhuma apresentou resultado positivo para o isolamento de Salmonella sp, ao passo que dos 200 répteis, 71 apresentaram-se positivos para o agente, totalizando uma proporção de 35,5%. Dentre os répteis as serpentes foram as que apresentaram maior proporção de animais positivos com 83,9% em contraste às tartarugas que formaram a ordem com menor isolamento (7,1%). Diversos sorotipos foram isolados, muitos não sendo freqüentemente relacionados a animais silvestres com vários apresentando algum grau de resistência aos antimicrobianos testados. A técnica de isolamento que possibilitou a maior recuperação do microorganismo foi a suspensão em caldo Rappaport seguida do plaqueamento em ágar XLT4. Concluímos que os répteis podem ser considerados importantes reservatórios para a Salmonella sp, ao passo que as aves não merecem destaque nesse quesito, embora seu potencial disseminador não deva ser desprezado. | |
Título em Inglês | Salmonella sp in reptiles and wild birds at São Paulo Estate: isolation frequency, characterization of isolates and the consequences for management in captivity and reintroduction |
Palavras-chave em Inglês | ¤ Salmonella ¤ Birds ¤ Infectious diseases ¤ Reptiles ¤ Zoonosis |
Resumo em Inglês | |
Salmonella sp is an important zoonotic agent in the whole world and many are the techniques developed for its identification, although the microbiological isolation is still the preferred one. Salmonela's importance in food microbiology and poultry are unquestionable, but in the late years there is a growing concern about the presence of this bacteria in many species of wild animals. In the present study we collected cloacal swabs from 200 wild birds and 200 reptiles with the following goals: Determination of the isolation frequency, characterization of the isolates through biochemical and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles and serotyping. We also target a comparison between different isolation techniques and culture media to determine wich one is the most effective. In this way, the collected swabs were submitted to direct plating in Mac Conkey agar and parallel suspension in Rappaport and Tetrationate broths with posterior streaking in XLT4 agar. None of the 200 tested birds were positive for Salmonella sp, while 71 from the 200 reptiles were positives for the agent, in a 35,5% proportion. Among the reptiles, the snakes presented the higher prevalence, with 83,9% of the animals being positives, in contrast to turtles, the Order with less isolation, totalizing only 7,1%. A lot of different serotipes were isolated, many of them infrequently related with wild animals and showing at least some degree of antimicrobial resistance. The use of Rappaport broth followed by the XLT4 agar showed the best recovering rates of Salmonella sp from the cloacal swabs. We conclude that reptiles may act as important reservoirs for this pathogen. Wild birds doesn't seems to play the same role, but theirs spreading potencial must not be underestimated. | |
Data de Publicação | 15/04/2008 |
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Salmonella sp em répteis e aves silvestres no Estado de São Paulo: freqüência de isolamento, caracterização dos isolados e as conseqüências
Serovars of Salmonella from captive reptiles
K. Pedersen 1,2 , A.-M. Lassen-Nielsen 2 , S. Nordentoft 2 and A. S. Hammer 2
1 University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
2 Technical University of Denmark, National Veterinary Institute, Aarhus N, Denmark
Correspondence to Karl Pedersen. KU/LIFE, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Stigbøjlen 7, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. Tel.: +45 35 33 27 03; Fax: +45 35 33 27 55; E-mail: kape@life.ku.dk
Copyright © 2009 Blackwell Verlag GmbH
KEYWORDS
Salmonella • reptile • zoonoses • zoo
ABSTRACT
The distribution on serovars of 60 Salmonella isolates from reptiles kept in captivity in Denmark during the period 1995–2006 was investigated. The isolates were all recovered from clinical specimens submitted to the National Veterinary Institute. A majority of the samples were from reptiles in zoological gardens or similar, while a minor number was from reptiles kept in private homes. A total of 43 serovars were detected, most of them being what is usually called exotic serotypes, and many not having a trivial name, while a few isolates belonged to well-known human pathogenic serovars, such as S. Enteritidis, S. Typhimurium, S. Bovismorbificans. One isolate was rough and two were non-typeable. Isolates from turtles belonged to the subspecies enterica, while many isolates from both sauria and snakes belonged to other subspecies. The findings underline the potential zoonotic risk by handling reptiles in zoological garden or other public settings, or keeping pet reptiles in private homes.
Zoonoses and Public Health
Volume 56, Issue 5, Pages 238-242
Published Online: 19 Jan 2009
1 University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
2 Technical University of Denmark, National Veterinary Institute, Aarhus N, Denmark
Correspondence to Karl Pedersen. KU/LIFE, Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Stigbøjlen 7, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. Tel.: +45 35 33 27 03; Fax: +45 35 33 27 55; E-mail: kape@life.ku.dk
Copyright © 2009 Blackwell Verlag GmbH
KEYWORDS
Salmonella • reptile • zoonoses • zoo
ABSTRACT
The distribution on serovars of 60 Salmonella isolates from reptiles kept in captivity in Denmark during the period 1995–2006 was investigated. The isolates were all recovered from clinical specimens submitted to the National Veterinary Institute. A majority of the samples were from reptiles in zoological gardens or similar, while a minor number was from reptiles kept in private homes. A total of 43 serovars were detected, most of them being what is usually called exotic serotypes, and many not having a trivial name, while a few isolates belonged to well-known human pathogenic serovars, such as S. Enteritidis, S. Typhimurium, S. Bovismorbificans. One isolate was rough and two were non-typeable. Isolates from turtles belonged to the subspecies enterica, while many isolates from both sauria and snakes belonged to other subspecies. The findings underline the potential zoonotic risk by handling reptiles in zoological garden or other public settings, or keeping pet reptiles in private homes.
Zoonoses and Public Health
Volume 56, Issue 5, Pages 238-242
Published Online: 19 Jan 2009
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